Analgesia

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Narrative Reviews

Analgesia

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General

General

Boncyk. Management of pain and sedation in the intensive care unit. BMJ 2024;387:e079789
Kvolik. Analgesia in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit. Front Neurol 2022;12:819613

Background

Pathophysiology

Conditions

Trauma

Fabbri. The Pain Management of Trauma Patients in the Emergency Department. J Clin Med 2023;12:3289

Renal Impairment

Didik. Opioids and the Kidney: A Compendium. Kidney360 2023;4(12):1816-1823

Cancer-Associated Pain

Horine. Perioperative Pain Management in Patients With Cancer-Related Pain: A Narrative Review. Anesth Analg 2025;140(4):833-845

Paediatrics

de’Angelis. New perspectives for optimizing fever and pain management in pediatrics: evidence supporting therapeutic awareness in clinical practice. Ital J Pediatr 2025;51:255

Complications

Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

Lamey. Iatrogenic opioid withdrawal syndromes in adults in intensive care units: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2022;14(6):2297-2308

Opioid Tolerance

Martyn. Opioid Tolerance in Critical Illness. N Engl J Med 2019;24;380(4):365-378

GI Dysfunction

Yan. The effect of opioids on gastrointestinal function in the ICU. Crit Care 2021;25(1):370

Local Anaesthetic Toxicity

Fettiplace. Morbidity and mortality from local anesthetics: localized and systemic toxicity. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2026;epublished July 9th

Monitoring & Investigations

General

Therapies

Opioids

Methadone

Xie. A comprehensive update on intraoperative methadone use. Anesthesiology 2025;143(3):710-736

Local Anaesthetics

Lidocaine

Silva. A Review of the Lidocaine in the Perioperative Period. J Pers Med 2023;13:1699

Last updated July 22nd, 2026